RAISING TRAINING SEEDLING FISH CATFISH BIOFLOC TECHNOLOGY PART. 1 (TECHNIQUE SEEDLING CATFISH)

Seedling FISH CATFISH

Spawning catfish in this module is the mating process parent catfish on containers controlled and carried out by human intervention. Some things to note are the requirements, habits and methods of spawning catfish, determination techniques spawning, spawning the appropriate procedures and the determination of spawning success rate.

Fish breeding is the process of conception (fertilization) in which the cells of fish eggs and fish sperm cell meet. There are three methods of spawning catfish are spawning traditional, semi-made and artificial. The three techniques differ in the amount of human intervention in the spawning of catfish. Spawning habits of catfish is at night and happened upon the media and good substrate. However, the artificial spawning can be done during the day because the parent fish spawning catfish do not own but with the help of humans.

The terms of the occurrence of spawning catfish common is as follows:

1.   Parent catfish have experienced gonad maturity

2.   There is a spawning substrate

3.   There are adequate spawning media

4.   Availability of equipment and supplies injection and stripping (on a semi-artificial breeding and artificial)

5.   There is a competent human resources in helping spawning of catfish.

Above requirements will be related to one another in order to obtain the process and outcome spawning spawning better.In the semi-made and artificial, human intervention plays an important role. The more skilled human resources who perform spawning, the higher the success rate in the spawning process. We have to know when to do the traditional spawning, semi-made and artificial that would be more effective and efficient. Gonadal maturation and spawning of normal seasonality. However, technological developments create spawning spawning catfish

1. Traditional Spawning

a.   Separate the parent already mature gonad in a separate container. And soaked with clean water to make the parent catfish remove dirt and entrails.

b.   Place the parent mature gonads at spawning pond with male and female ratio of 1: 1 or 2: 1. If used in a ratio of 2: 1, then the male parent used should be larger than the female parent.

c.   Close spawning pond to avoid holding catfish jump

d.   Observe catfish spawning activity. Observations aims to avoid undesirable events such as parent catfish jumping, water discharge pipe loose, and others.

e.   Adoptive parent who is already spawning catfish

2. Semi Artificial Spawning

a.   Place the parent mature gonads in a tub. And soaked with clean water to make the parent catfish remove dirt and entrails

b.   Weigh parent catfish that will be cultivated to determine the dose of hormones to be injected.

c.   Prepare hormones to be injected in male and female parent fish. Doses of hormones to be injected is 0.3 to 0.5 ml / kg parent. Intake of hormones is done perpendicular so that the reading on the scale of a syringe can be accurate. To facilitate decision hormones, then the ampoule head stabbed with a syringe.

d.   Dilute with aquabidest in the ratio 1: 1

e.   Whisk the mixture of hormones and aqua bidest before injected

f.    Headgear parent catfish with a cloth that has been moistened

g.   Injecting stem catfish to the spine (intramuscularly). Injections made on the part that has the thickest flesh, the syringe is injected to a depth of 1-2 cm in accordance with the size of the parent and forming an angle of 450 injections made slowly so as not to cause pain to the parent so that the parent did not struggle.

i.    Close spawning pond to avoid holding catfish jump

j.    Observe catfish spawning activity. Observations aims to avoid undesirable events such as parent catfish jump, sewer freelance

k.   Adoptive parent who is already spawning catfish

l.    Place the parent catfish on recovery tub separate male and female. After 2 months of the parent will mature gonads

3. Artificial Spawning

a.   place parent mature gonads in a tub. And soaked with clean water to make the parent catfish remove dirt and entrails

b.   Weigh parent catfish to be injected.

c.   prapare hormone will be injected in male and female parent fish. Doses of hormones to be injected is 0.3 to 0.5 ml / kg parent. Intake of hormones is done perpendicular so that the reading on the scale of a syringe can be accurate. To facilitate decision hormones, then the ampoule head stabbed with a syringe to facilitate the exchange of air.

d.   dilute with aquabidest in the ratio 1: 1

e.   Shake mix of hormones and aqua bidest before injected

f.    Dispose of air contained in the syringe, because if it goes in fish muscle tissue will lead to infection. Air removed by poking a needle in an upright with a pressed so that the air out

g.   Closed parent head catfish with a rag soaked so that the parent will feel calm catfish

h.   Inject parent catfish to the spine (intramuscularly). Injections made on the part that has the thickest flesh, the syringe is injected to a depth of 1-2 cm in accordance with the size of the stem and form an angle of 450

i.    Place the parent catfish on incubation tub after hormone injections. Parent incubated for 8 hours of injection

j.    Make egg stripping stem catfish.

      Stripping is done by two people to facilitate sorting eggs. In this process, the urogenital holes cleaned of water and supplies used in the dry state except cloth to cover the head of the parent catfish. To avoid irritation of the skin stem for sorting is done repeatedly, then before massaging the hands are used to massage the moistened beforehand using a solution of NaCl / 0.9% salt water. Ordering is done with caution to avoid rebel brood fish

k.   Take the male parent sperm cells. If the sperm sac is large, it can be used to fertilize an egg a few breeding females

l.    dilute sperm cells with normal saline (NaCl) as much as 100 ml. and is done by using two scissors to remove sperm from the sperm bag

m. Mix a solution of sperm with the egg in a bowl of dry

n. Add water for fertilization. Comparison between saline and fresh water is 1: 2, meaning that the volume of water added is 200 ml. The process of egg fertilization should be done quickly because once mixed with water, will be active and moving sperm finding holes Microfil. If the mixing process is done slowly, then the sperm will die before entering into the egg

o.   Stir the mixture of sperm and egg cells catfish for 1/2 minute. Stirring can be done using poultry feathers that have been sterilized. On a good fertilization normally be formed foam upon stirring.

p. Clean the fertilized egg cell from the rest of the sperm by washing three times until the remaining sperm really clean. The rest of the sperm will damage water spawning media because it contains proteins that will form ammonium.

q.   Spread the egg has been fertilized evenly on media such as cloth strimin hatchery has been installed ballast to be drowned. To be stocking the egg can be done evenly, it can be done by using a feather

      After half an hour of deployment egg on strimin cloth, fabric strimin position is reversed so that the fish larvae after hatching will fall kedasar like hatching eggs.

1.  Habitat Maintenance Requirements Parent

Parent catfish can be kept in a concrete pool, tarp or ground pools. The water depth is ideal for aircraft maintenance is 1 m. Parent catfish liked the pond with water or flowing with low discharge. Parent catfish would love to be the bottom of the pool, the pool maintenance for it would be better placed shelter (shelter) so it will resemble a common habitat waters.

2.  Terms density, feed management and water quality management

Gonadal maturation parent would be optimal if stocked at a density of 3 fish / m2. Feeding is given as much as 5% of the total biomass. Feed used in the form of commercial feed and feed naturally. The combination of these two feed will be better when compared with feeding one type only. For commercial feed used has a minimum protein content of 30%. While natural food can be clams, snails and trash fish. The frequency of feeding from the mains is 2 times a day is during the day and at night. To add to the vitality and fertility of the parent, then the parent is given vitamins regularly every week.

Management of water quality needs to be done to reduce the accumulation of organic materials due to the feces and the remainder of unconsumed feed. The treatment is given in maintaining water quality maintenance media holding company is todoing water changes and the application of probiotics. The application of probiotics and water changes can be done in 2 weeks. To keep the brood fish are not experiencing stress, the replacement water is water that has been deposited at least 1 day. Do water changes as much as 30% of the total volume of water.

3. Identification of physical and sex Parent Catfish Parent catfish that are superior will affect the quality of seeds produced. Lots of spawning fish farmers do with using mains unclear offspring so frequent inbreeding (Inbreeding) resulting quality of seeds produced far from standard. Parent catfish are used should not experience physical disorder or from a common ancestor. Age and size of the parent catfish should be different in order to secure a descendant of the parent in the hatchery, then you should do the selection of the parent who is winning so only the parent-parent earning maintained so as to reduce the cost of maternal care due to caring parent is required the cost of feed and others that are not small. 4. Determination of Gonad Maturity Level To know the parent is ready for spawning, the following characteristics catfish good parent: Parent Males Females  Abdominal bloating and flaccid genitals blushing  Movement is rather slow and tame spiky genitals and anus reach fin  Genitals round, reddish and enlarged body fat lean and agile  General body color becomes reddish color colat body tends to be reddish  Colors tend to be reddish fins if it is truly ripe gonads will be out of eggs when massaged on the urogenital Parent catfish quality can be determined through physical traits and genetic factors. Parent nice to have a complete organ structure and proportionately in accordance with the age of the fish. As for the genetic traits can be shown with their brood certificate of master production units that have been through the test phase. Catfish superior parent will have offspring with Feed Conversion Ratio (FCR) is low so that it will increase income generation for farmers.

Prior to spawning the parent selection and determination of the TKG is necessary to maintain Survival Rate (SR) of seed. TKG catfish No IV levels and the TKG III catfish parent can already be cultivated. But should the parent catfish cultivated in IV for the TKG TKG low then it would result in larvae and fry catfish weak and slow growth. To find out TKG catfish parent it can be done by taking eggs on the egg sac cannulation using a hose / catheter. Eggs that are ripe to be separated from one another if touched and already there is a polar / core on one side of the egg. Routinely parent should be selected that are ready to be cultivated to facilitate retrieval, egg maturation by providing separate special feed with parent fish immature gonads. Special treatment such as vitamins and natural food such as shellfish are given regularly. Additionally concentrates for egg maturation can also be given in conjunction with feeding mother. With such treatment, the resulting egg would be great. B. Supporting Information Parent stress level will affect the spawning process, for it is in dealing with parent catfish should be as smooth and fast as possible to avoid stress. Parent catfish with urogenital conditions damaged should not be used even physically holding catfish is good. Urogenital damaged will reduce the effectiveness of marriage. Parent catfish that is superior can be obtained from the centers of development of freshwater fish evidenced by the certificates. The application of probiotics needs to be done to maintain water quality media pisciculture. Steps in cultured probiotic is as follows: 1. Boil 1 kg of rice bran by using as much as 20 liters of water to cook 2. Add 200 g of fish meal, and then boiled for 5 minutes 3. Add the molasses of 500 ml. mix well 4. Add the seeds of probiotics 500 ml 5. Incubation with aeration treatment for 4 days 6. Apply probiotics in maintaining media holding

WAYS OF WORKING :

1.  Spreading Parent Catfish

- Parent Sprinkle catfish with a density of 3 fish / m2,

- Separate male parent and a female parent in a separate pool,

- Set up a pool to the parent post spawning recovery.

2.  Feeding (done 2 times a day)

- Give the parent pellet at noon, and natural food such as shellfish at night,

- Give adlibitum. to maximize egg production

3.  The water treatment maintenance media

- Perform water changes and probiotics.

- Substitution of water was performed 1 month by 75%.

- Give probiotics in maintaining the parent media every week according to the dosage prescribed.

4.  Capture the parent who will be identified using a skimmer,

5.  Identify the parent is based on the physical condition / health.

Compare the condition of fish observed to table the characteristics of healthy fish

Identification of the parent based on the level of maturity gonadnya.

-    See the parent fish that have the physical characteristics of the parent mature gonads.

The mother would appear to bulge in the abdomen and the male parent to look slim and reddish body color

Parent Puasakan day prior to the examination of fish gonads. The goal is to cleanse the bowels gonadal stem so that checks would be more accurate.

Take Parent already observed physical characteristics by using a dustpan

Place the stem in plastic tub

Checks parent gonad maturity

- Taking the egg with a hose cannulation

- Check the male parent to see papillae / genitals